1. Public Record Indexes

1. Westmoreland Co

1. Deed Indexes
2. Will indexes

1. Washington Co

1. Deed Indexes
2. Will index

1. Bedford Co

1. Deed Indexes
2. Will indexes
3. Census Records 1810-1850

1. Lancaster Co

1. Will Indexes
2. Deed indexes

1. York Co

1. Deed Indexes
2. Will indexes

1. Record Abstracts or Narratives by County

1. Westmoreland Co

1. Deed Abstracts
2. 1783 Tax List
3. Will of Ann Todd, 1817
4. Census of 1800, 1810
5. References to Edward Todd, 1777, 1778

1. Washington Co

1. Tax list
2. Probate File of John Todd d 1810
3. Narrative History of Edward Todd of Washington Co.

1. Bedford Co

1. Various excerpts

1. Indiana County

1. Narrative of James Todd and son Samuel d 1846
2. Abstract of Will of Samuel Todd d 1812

1. Washington County PA Will Index 1781-1900

James Todd, 14, p 245 1893

John Todd, 2, 243, 1810

John Todd, 3, 317, 1819

John Todd 7,78, 1850

Rev. John Todd, 11, 305, 1881

Ostrander D. Todd, 11, 257, 1881

Rebecca Todd, 12, 537, 1888

Robert K. Todd, 7, 400, 1854

Susan F. Todd, 14, 80, 1892

1.c. (1) Bedford Co Deed Index

1.c. (2) Bedford County PA Will Index

1.c.(3) Bedford Co PA Census Records

1.d.(1) Lancaster Co PA Will Abstracts

1.e.(1) York County PA Deed Indexes and Will Indexes

2. Record Abstracts or Narratives by County

a. Westmoreland County

(1) (Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania Deeds, 1773-1784: (c) 1995 by T.L.C. Genealogy.

Westmoreland Co. Deed Book Vol. A Part 1, (W-indicates Westmoreland)

page 78: Deed Book Page 221. Oct 3, 1780 from James Thompson of Huntington Twp in W, yeoman, to Samuel Todd of Twp afd and W, for 4500 L, 300 acres in Huntington Twp & W, with the allowance for roads. The land is bounded by Yough river on the south, lands of General Thompson on the east, lands of James Thompson on the north, land of James Peoples on the west, located as #(blank), dated April 1, 1769. Signed - James Thompson. Wit - David (X his mark) Hertsock, Thomas Lyon, Joseph McGarraugh (JP). Recorded Apr 10, 1781.

page 104: Deed Book Page 281. Feb 8, 1782 from John McCrady of W, to William Todd of W, for 2050 L, all that messuage or parcel of land in Mount Pleasant Twp and W (granted and sold to sd McCrady by John Davis by deed dated April 14, 1779), bounded by a division line between sd land and James Marshall's, a division line between Charles Johnston's land and sd land, thence to John McKee, containing 164 acres. Signed - John McCrady. Wit - William McFarland, John Jack, Recorded Oct 8, 1782.

(2) Westmoreland 1783 Tax List

Huntingdon Twp – Samuel Todd – 300 acres

Mt Pleasant Twp – Samuel Todd – 2 horses, 3 cattle, 7 sheep

Mt Pleasant Twp – William Todd – 160 a. 3 horese, 5 cattle, 2 sheep

Armstrong Twp – Samuel Todd – 1 tract

Menallen Twp – John Todd

Menallen Twp – John Todd

Menallen Twp – Edward Todd

(3) Will of Ann Todd, 1817, from Todd Times, ol 7, 1998, p 10

8 shares:

1 to grandson William Todd

1 to 6 grandchildren, Geroge, Wm, David, James, Ann, Isabella Mathews

1 to 2 grandchildren: Nancy Carnahan and Mary Smith

1 to each of my daughters now alive: Mary Baldridge, Nancy Clark, Rebecca Sloan, Raichel Latta, Loas Armstrong

Note: from other sources, spouses were Joseph Baldridge, Joseph Clark, James Sloan, George Armstrong. Also settlement mentions James Mathews and George Smith)

(4) Census

William Todd, 1800, 01101-02101

Samuel Todd, 1800, 00001-00001

William Todd, 1810, 10001-01101 (recheck)

James Todd, 1810, Salem Twp 011001,201

Robert Todd, 1810 30111-13111 (recheck)

(5) Edward Todd was in a suit in 1777, 1778 in Yohogania Co, the Virginia county that covered western PA.

2.b. Washington Co

2.b. (1) Tax Lists

(Tax Lists of Washington County, Penna. 1784-85; 1793 - Including present day Washington and Greene Counties and parts of Allegheny and Beaver Counties) Copied by the Original Records for the Washington Co. (Pa.) Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution. (1955)

pp. 5: 1793 East Bethlehem Township - Ruble, David, Sr.; Ruble, David, Jr.; Ruble, Levi.

pp. 11:1793 Chartiers Township - Tod, John

pp. 35:1793 Nottingham Township - Todd, William; Todd, John; Todd, Edward.

2.b. (2) Probate File of John Todd

Washington Co., PA

File No 26, 1814

Elizabeth Todd and William Snodgrass Admrs of the estate of John Todd, decd

Page 2764: list of those the estate is indebted to:

John Todd late of Donegal Twp, Washington Co.

Pages 2776-2777 list of individuals receiving disbursements

P 2799 paid $1.20 for three gallons of whiskey for the funeral.

Andrew Deets (Elsewhere he was listed as receiving payments for the funeral)

P 2811 1816 Rec'd of Elizabeth Todd .. teaching her children in school

P 2843 John Barber acknowledged receipt of all "my wife’s' interest in the estate of her father __ Todd late of Donegal Township Washington Co and also of all my interest in and to the estates of her two brothers John and William Todd who are also deceased as to this time. 10 April 1827

P 2849 reference to John's estate to Jno McClellan; History of America

2.b. (3) Narrative History of Edward Todd of Washington Co.

(2) Hugh Scott, was born in Chester county, (now Adams) who lived on Millerstown road, five miles from Gettysburg, Penn., and emigrated to Washington county in 1773 from Peach Bottom, near where the Susquehanna River passes from Penn. into Maryland. Hugh was a left handed blacksmith and built a blacksmith shop on Mingo Creek. Dr. McMillan on the third Sabbath of November, 1776, ordained five elders in Pigeon Creek congregation, of whom Hugh Scott was one. He was a man of great piety and influence, he was one of the signers if the "Religious Agreement" written by James Edger, and one of the founders and first elders in the Pigeon Creek Presbyterian church. His name is also found in the first grand jury panel of October 2, 1781; also one of the four trustees who purchased ground from David Hoge on the 18th of October, 1781, for public buildings for the county. He was commissioned justice of the peace in November 8, 1788. He served 2nd bat., Washington co., Rev. War. He settled on a tract of land in Nottingham township (where his great-grandsons, James Kerr Scott and Hugh C. Scott, yet live), for which he received a patent dated January 23, 1799, in pursuance of a warrant dated September 22, 1788. He died October 11, 1819, aged ninety-three. His wife, Jennett (Agnew) died October 9, 1814, aged seventy-seven. Their graves are still legibly marked in Pigeon Creek graveyard. His sons Abraham and James are said to have returned to Adams county when young men, where they married, lived and died. (2) Hugh Scott, son of Abraham, born in 1726, married in 1754 to Jennett Agnew, born August 23, 1735, a daughter of his brother-in-law James Agnew, Sr., by a first marriage. Their children were: (3) Rebecca, (3) Abraham, (3) James, (3) Hugh, (3) Elizabeth, (3) John, (3) Sarah, (3) Margaret, and (3) Josiah.

(3) Elizabeth married Edward Todd. They emigrated to the vicinity of Steubenville at an early day. Mr. John Johnson, a grandson, writes under date of April 25, 1887: "My grandmother, Elizabeth Todd, died in West Virginia, opposite Steubenville, at the residence of her son-in-law, Daniel O. Neal. I have no dates. She had six daughters and one son, William, who died when a young man. The oldest daughter, Jane Carroll, died in Cincinnati two years ago, aged eighty-seven. Three of her children lived in Cincinnati: Edward Carroll, Sarah Anne Clemens and Rebecca Mansure. Rebecca (Todd) Jewett died in Illinois; her family of five sons and one daughter live in Kansas. Letitia (Todd) Finley died some years since; her husband, William Finley, and family are living near brown station, in Jefferson Co., Ohio. Sarah Todd died many years since; her husband, James Trumbull, and two daughters-Mrs. James Suratt and Mrs. John Olive-are living in Steubenville. Mr. Trumbull is very old and wealthy. Rosanna (Todd) Johnston, my mother, is the only one of the family now living; she was eighty-six years old February 22, 1887. Of mother's family there are five boys and two girls; Rebecca McKinney lives in Steubenville, Elizabeth in St. Louis, Curtis and Edward in Iowa, Daniel in Nebraska, William in Kentucky, and your humble servant in Jefferson county, two miles west of Steubenville, Ohio."

Census: 1880 census for some of the children says that their father was born in Ireland; 1800 Edward Todd is in Washington Co, in 1810 in Brooke Co, VA, in 1820, 1830, 1840 in Steubenville, OH.

2.c. (1) Excerpts from Bedford Co:

Todds in Bedford Co Genealogy Site

(24,889 files searched; 44 matches found)

Matches: 1 - 25

1. Orphans Court, March, 1801 (message posted by Carol Hains McDonald)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 31 Aug 2003

Orphans Court: George Funk and Jacob Bonnett appointed joint guardians over William Todd, minor child of William Todd, deceased, he being under fourteen years. On application of Hugh Barkley, Esq., the court appointed William Griffith, guardian over Alexander Woods, under fourteen years of age, in place of Hugh Barkley. Anthony Nawgle and Martin Reiley, Esquires, appointed administrators of estate of Robert Means, deceased, to replace the executors. Jane Dunlapt, widow of Richard Dunlapt who was

2. Bedford County PA Orphans Court, Docket 2 (message posted by Barbara J. Bollman)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 3 Aug 2003

03 Mar 1801. At an Orphans Court held at Bedford before James MARTIN and John SCOTT Esquires, Judges of the same Court. On application the Court appoints George FUNK and Jacob BONNETT as joint guardians over the person and estate of William TODD, minor child of William TODD dec'd, he being under 14 years of age. (page 72).

3. Harclerode, John (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 20 Jul 2003

John Harclerode, late of Colerain Twp., dated 22 Jan, last; proved 11 Jun 1814. He did bequeath as follows: "I Bequeath to my loving wife the place that I fromerly bough of Thomas Bettle." Now I, E. H., do hereby make my election and do refuse to accept the said bequest and do hereby declare my intention to demand my right of dower and all other legal rights. Witnesses: John Todd, James M. Russell. (Source: Abstract of Wills and Administrations, Bedford Co., Pa., p. 396.)

4. Hinton, Thomas (message posted by Abby Bowman)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 15 Jun 2003

Thomas Hinton resided in Bedford Twp. His will was dated February 1, 1777 and probated March 16, 1779. Mentions his wife Rachel and his children Thomas, John (minor), Simon (minor), Ann, and Jean. Makes reference to his married daughters as well as 5 daughters, but they are not named. Also mentions Jeremiah Warder, Sr., a merchant and hatter in Philadelphia, and a debt owed. Indicates "more at James Anderson's" and that Mr. Stevenson is indebted to him. The executors were Allen Rose, T

5. McPherson, Todd C. (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 29 Apr 2003

Todd C. McPherson, b. 27 Mar 1964 Boston, s/o Archie and Madeline (Diehl) McPherson, d. 18 Apr 1983 in Framingham, Mass.; bur. Bedford County Memorial Park. (Source: obituary, Bedford Gazette, Apr. 21, 1983.)

6. Bedford County, Pennsylvania Surnames S - Z

Size: 34 kb; Last updated 29 Apr 2003

Bedford County, Pennsylvania Surnames S - Z Surname List for Bedford County If you have a surname listed, please check it for accuracy (e-mail address, etc.) and inform me if there is a problem. If you have information on a Bedford County family name and are willing to share your information with others, please e-mail me at bedford@pa-roots.com. No Queries please, just surname listings. SURNAME VOLUNTEER WEBSITE SADDLER Pat Alexander SAMUEL Anne SAMS Gary Sams SANDERSON Rose Maher S

7. Bedford County, Pennsylvania SurnamesM - R

Size: 30 kb; Last updated 29 Apr 2003

Bedford County, Pennsylvania SurnamesM - R Surname List for Bedford County If you have a surname listed, please check it for accuracy (e-mail address, etc.) and inform me if there is a problem. If you have information on a Bedford County family name and are willing to share your information with others, please e-mail me at bedford@pa-roots.com. No Queries please, just surname listings. SURNAME VOLUNTEER WEBSITE MACK/MOCK James Leedy MACKE Jim Loving MANN Margie Bridges MANSFIELD Don

8. 1809 Tax Duplicate, Hopewell Township

Size: 15 kb; Last updated 28 Apr 2003

1809 Tax Duplicate, Hopewell Township 1809 Tax Duplicate--Hopewell Twp. (tax laid at half a cent to the dollar upon the valuation) William Anderson: $1.08 Jane Atkinson (widow): 64c Mary Atkinson: 30c Ditto for landlord: 90c Jacob Aichard: $4.04 John Alexander: $1.29 Alexander Alexander: $3.25 Samuel Anderson: 30c George Albert: 4c Nicholas Allender: 4c Andrew Bates: 4c Peter Butter: 4c John Barthbaugh: $2.01 John Boolman: $1.09 Jacob Broadstone: 64c Jacob Bowser: 10c William Butler: 56c

9. 1796 Tax Assessment, Bedford Township

Size: 11 kb; Last updated 28 Apr 2003

1796 Tax Assessment, Bedford Township Assessment Valuation of Tax laid On the County of Bedford for the Year 1796 Bedford Township ADAMS Solomon--410 acres, 20 clear, 1 house, 0 barns, s. mill, 3 horses, 2 cows, value $2266, tax $8.25. ANDERSON James Senr--540 acres 20 clear, 1 house, 1 barn, 4 horses, 5 cows, value $2360, tax $8.25. ANDERSON, Robert--127 acres, 2 cows, value $24, tax $.12. ANDERSON, James Junr--700 acres, 40 clear, 1 house, 1 barn, 3 horses, 4 cows, value $1900, tax $7.00. AMAR

10. Bedford County, Pennsylvania March1997 Queries>

Size: 24 kb; Last updated 28 Apr 2003

Bedford County, Pennsylvania March1997 Queries> March,1997 Queries for Bedford County Ed England Mon Mar 31 14:26:48 1997 I am a great grandson of Harry Drollinger (1828-1884) and Elizabeth Longenecker (1827-1905). They are buried at Mt. Smith Cemetery between Bedford and Cessna, Bedford County, Pa. I have no information further back on this branch of my family and would be interested in anything anyone might have. Ray Debolt Sun Mar 30 10:18:50 1997 Seeking information on the followin

11. 1800 Pennsylvania Census: Bedford County, Bedford & St. Clair Townships

Size: 17 kb; Last updated 28 Apr 2003

1800 Pennsylvania Census: Bedford County, Bedford & St. Clair Townships 1800 CENSUS FOR BEDFORD AND ST. CLAIR TOWNSHIPS Transcribed from original schedules by Michael S. Caldwell. First column is name of head of household. Numbered tallies following are age groups as follows: FREE WHITE PERSONS INCLUDING HEADS OF FAMILIES Free White Males: Column 1: Under 10 Column 2: Of 10 & under 16 Column 3: Of 16 & under 26, including heads of families Column 4: Of 26 & under 45, including he

12. Espy, Davidson, Todd, Coyle, Carmichael (message posted by Donna Creary)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 26 Apr 2003

13 Nov 1778. Commission. The Supreme Executive Council appoints David ESPY Esq, Samuel DAVIDSON Esq, William TODD Esq, James COYLE Esq, and James CARMICHAEL Esq, all of Bedford County, as Justices of the Peaces. (Source: Deed Abstracts, Book A, p. 283, Bedford County PA)

13. FILLER, FISHER & Related Families (message posted by Dr Dixon G STEVENS)

Size: 2 kb; Posted 22 Apr 2003

Searching for any additional -sibling, parental, and/or ancestral information on Balthazar FILLER [FULLER], born about 1723 or 1728 in Germany and his wife Anna UNKNOWN, born about 1730 in Germany. Balthazar & Anna were known to have 7 children, but it is their son J. Frederick FILLER, born 27 Aug 1754 in Philadelphia, Montgomery Co, PA, and died 27 Nov 1797 in Rainsburg, Bedford Co, PA that is of particular interest, and the family line I am researching. Frederick FILLER married Catherine B

14. Todd, William; William Pollard (message posted by Donna Creary)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 22 Apr 2003

02 Apr 1779. Deed. William TODD of Philadelphia City, coachmaker, and William POLLARD of the same place. The half-part of 4 tracts lying on the Black Log Branch of Aughwick Creek, Bedford County. (Source: Calendar of Transactions, Deed Book A, p. 336, Bedford County PA)

15. Swaine, Thomas; William Todd (message posted by Donna Creary)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 22 Apr 2003

12 Aug 1778. Deed. Thomas SWAINE of Carlisle, Cumberland County, yeoman, to William TODD of Philadelphia City, coachmaker. The half-part of 4 tracts lying on the Black Log Branch of Aughwick Creek, Bedford County. (Source: Calendar of Transactions, Deed Book A, p. 334, Bedford County PA)

16. Civil Court Records, County Court of Common Pleas, (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 2 kb; Posted 23 Mar 2003

31. John TODD vs Edward TAYLOR. Capias Debt. 32. John CASEBEER vs John TODD. Capias Debt 33. Elizabeth STRAWBRIDGE vs William WILDS and Edward HEAD. Capias Debt. 35. John Godfrey BOWERMASTER vs Giles GILLESPY. Capias Covenant. 36. John POLLOCK assee vic for the use of Samuel KERR vs Redmond McDONOUGH and James ALLENTON. Summons Debt. 37. Henry WERTZ and Mary his wife and David ESPY, executors of Frederick NAGEL deceased a. v., vs John SPURGEON. Summons Debt. 38. Henry WERTZ and Mary his wife and

17. Civil Court Records, Continuance Docket #3, Januar (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 2 kb; Posted 23 Mar 2003

1. Margaret McDONNALD and Thomas NORTON, administrators of William McDONNALD (deceased) vs Benjamin BECRAFT. Capias Case. 2. David HARRISON for the use of John ALLENTON vs Frederick VANTREAS. 3. George WOODS, Esq. vs John CESSNA, Esq. Capias Case. 4. George WOODS, Esq. vs John BONNET. Summons Case. (Jury: James SUMMERVILLE, Roger BLUE, Anthony NAGEL, Joseph MORRISON, James PATTERSON, Henry D.?, John FRIEND, Ralph HUNT, John GALBRAITH, Martin REILEY, James ANDERSON and George WERTZ. Found for the

18. Tavern Rates (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 23 Mar 2003

January Session of 1783 the Court fixed the following tavern rates, in Bedford county: One bowl of West India rum toddy 1s 6d, Do. Continental or other rum 1s, Do. Whiskey or other rum 1s. Each bowl to have one half pint of liquor. Half a pint of West India rum 1s, Do. Continental rum 6d, Do. Whiskey 6d, Beer and cider each per quart 6d, Dinner supper and breakfast each 1s, Horse and hay per night 6d. The above to be the rates of tavern expenses and to be set up to public view in every tavern in

19. Morrison, Joseph Todd (message posted by Abby Bowman)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 23 Mar 2003

Joseph Todd Morrison died on October 8, 1825 at the age of 2. (Source: The Cemetery Records of the Old Presbyterian Church, Bedford, PA).

20. Bonnett, John (message posted by Donna Fox)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 20 Mar 2003

John Bonnet, a farmer of Bedford Township, in an undated will, mentions his wife, Dorothy and children: John, Jacob, Isaac, and a daughter, Lusay(?). Mentions Peter (?Aneony or Anbony), his son-in-law. The Will mentions "Support", a plantation in Quemahoning Township, Bedford Co., the plantation being 317 acres. Also mentions a mallata boy, Patrick. Another plantation, "Snake Spring", in Bedford County and another plantation where John Bonnet lives, the plantation being calle

21. Todd, William & Ann; John Bonnet (message posted by Donna Creary)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 15 Mar 2003

20 Mar 1779. Deed. William TODD Esq of Bedford Twp, Bedford County, PA and Ann his wife to John BONNET of Washington County, Maryland, yeoman. A 219 acre and 100 perch tract about 4 miles above Bedford Town, Bedford County. (Source: Calendar of Transactions, Bedford County, Deed Book A, p. 487, Register and Recorders Office, Bedford County Courthouse, PA)

22. Todd, Samuel & Mary; John Bonnet (message posted by Donna Creary)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 15 Mar 2003

20 Mar 1779. Deed. Samuel TODD of Bedford Twp, Bedford County, PA, yeoman, and Mary his wife to John BONNET of Washington County, Maryland, yeoman. A 230 1/2 acre and 10 perch tract about 4 miles above Bedford Town, Bedford County. (Source: Calendar of Transactions, Bedford County, Deed Book A, p. 485, Register and Recorders Office, Bedford County Courthouse, PA)

23. Todd, William (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 14 Mar 2003

William Todd of Bedford Twp., a farmer, on July 18, 1795 mentions: wife, Hannah; son, William; daughters Betsey, Wilhelmina, Hanna and Anna; his farm, two tracts held with Thomas Vickroy in Somerset County; a tract on White Thorn Run in Somerset County; land on which William Ward now lives (Bedford Twp.). The executors are his wife, Hannah, and friend, Samuel Davidson, Esq. The witnesses were Jacob Bonnett, John Anderson and John Scott. The will was proved Sept. 14, 1795. (Source: Bedford Co., P

24. Todd, Andrew (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 14 Mar 2003

The Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania appointed Andrew Todd, Esq., of Bedford County as a Justice of the Peace of the county on Aug. 17, 1780. (Source: Calendar of Transactions, Bedford Co., Pa., Deed Book A, p. 422.)

25. Riddle, Samuel; James Todd (message posted by Donna Creary)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 20 Feb 2003

Deed to Samuel RIDDLE, dated 29 Jun 1816, for 400 1/2 acres of unseated land in the name of James TODD situated in Hopewell Twp sold for county tax ($4.92) (for the years 1807-1815) and road tax ($3.47) (-blank-) due thereon. Consideration:$12.00. (Source: Treasurer Deeds, Bedford County, Common Pleas Docket 1, p. 55, Bedford County, PA)

Todd, John

Matches: 26 - 45

26. Riddle, Samuel; James Todd (message posted by Donna Creary)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 20 Feb 2003

Deed to Samuel RIDDLE, dated 29 Jun 1816, for 400 1/2 acres of unseated land in the name of James TODD situated in Hopewell Twp sold for county tax ($4.92) (for the years 1807-1815) and road tax ($3.47) (-blank-) due thereon. Consideration:$12.00. (Source: Treasurer Deeds, Bedford County, Common Pleas Docket 1, p. 55, Bedford County, PA)

27. Land Warrant; James Todd (message posted by Donna Creary)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 4 Feb 2003

TODD, James, applied for 400 acres in Hopewell Twp. Survey returned for 400 acres in pursuance of warrant #186 dated 19 Mar 1794. (Source: Early Land Warrants, Bedford County Warrant Book, Bedford County, PA)

28. Re: Todd, William (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 30 Jan 2003

At request of Richard Ewalt, a citation was issued to Samuel Davidson and Hannah Todd, executors of William Todd, deceased, to file account at March court next. (Source: Orphans Court Records, Bedford County, Pa., 21 Dec 1802.)

29. Land Warrant; William Todd (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 19 Jan 2003

William Todd, 50 acres, including an improvement SE of the land where he now lives in Bedford Twp. at 10 pounds per 100 acres with interest from March 1, 1778. This warrant was granted May 25, 1786 and received on Oct. 29, 1842. It was executed on June 28, 1844. (Source: Bedford County, Pa. Warrant Book #2, p. 320.)

30. Woods, George; Jamis (Also James) Peterson (message posted by Stacia Liegey)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 13 Jan 2003

Deed, Jan. 21, 1771. George Woods, Esq., of Bedford to Jamis (also James) Peterson of Colerain Twp. Price: 100 pounds PA currency. Land: Woods sells his right to a Proprietary warrant granted to a certain Joseph Nicholas for 100 acres, including his improvement located on Cove Creek in Cumberland, now Bedford Co., and conveyed to Woods by said Nicholas Mar. 11, 1768 (the warrant was dated Jun. 05, 1762). Also his right to 300 acres including the said warrant, bounded by old John Friend, John Har

31. Elliott, Todd; Mary E. Leader (message posted by Joan Christopher)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 14 Oct 2002

Mr. Todd Elliott, of South Bend, Indiana and Miss Mary E. Leader, formerly of Bedford Borough, Bedford County, PA were married in Berrien Springs, Michigan on 20 March 1855. Mary was the daughter of Major Henry Leader, formerly of Bedford. (Source: Bedford Gazette, 20 April 1855)

32. Martin, James (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 11 Oct 2002

James Martin, Esq. of Bedford Borough. Letters of Administration granted 22 May 1809 to Abraham Marten, Esq. and James Marten. Bond: $300. Sureties: John Todd, Esq. and Jacob Bonnet. (Source: Letters of Administration for Bedford County, Pa.: Administration Abstracts, 1809-1813.)

33. Rowan, John (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 13 Sep 2002

A schedule of the personal property of John Rowan of Belfast Township, excepting wearing apparel and bedding, the accounting provided in support of his application of 4 February 1819 for a pension based on his Revolutionary War service under General Butler from 1780 to 1782 in 3rd Pennsylvania Regiment: 1 Bible, 2 hymn books, 1 testament, 1 cow and 1 calf, 1 tin plate stove, 1 tin, 2 wooden baskets, 1 tea kettle, 7 plates, 1 old coffee pot, 6 tea cups and saucers, 6 knives and forks, 3 tin cups,

34. Todd, William (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 7 Sep 2002

George Funk and Jacob Bonnett appointed joint guardians over William Todd, minor child of William Todd, deceased, he being under fourteen years. (Source: Orphans Court Abstracts, Bedford County, Pa., 3rd March, 1801.)

35. Ewalt, Richard (message posted by Joan Christopher)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 31 Jul 2002

Will of Richard Ewalt, no township named, will dated 13 May 1835, probated 4 December 1835. Wife Hannah; children: Henry, Richard, Samuel, Camilla, Rebecca (five youngest), William, Eliza, Sarah, Hannah, Mary. Mentions the following: Schellsburg property I bought from Martin Reiley; Sperry place now in possession of Joseph Holton; Henry Johnson place now in tenure of Charles Grub; widow Todd's place; mentions son-in-law Tobias Myers. Executors: My sons William and Henry. Witnesses: L. M. Barclay

36. Sill, John (message posted by Joan Christopher)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 29 Jul 2002

Will of John Sill, of Napier Township, dated 2 April 1834, probated 14 March 1837. Wife: Margaret; children: John; Margaret, deceased, married to Thomas Ray, and her children John, James, Margaret and Eliza; Elizabeth, married to William Todd; Polly, deceased, married to John Downey, and grandchild Eliza Downey; Catherine, married to Joseph Duncan, lot #167 in town of New Philadelphia in State of Ohio; Hetty, married to John Witherow of Franklin County, PA; Johana, married to Andrew Snively; als

37. Kinton, Thomas (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 1 kb; Posted 15 Jul 2002

Thomas Kinton of Bedford Twp. Dated Feb. 1, 1777. *Sick and weak.* His wife is Rachel. His three sons are John, Simon and Thomas. His five daughters are Anna, Jean and three others. Mentions the *bound boy* who is not named. Mentions Jeremiah Warder, Sr., merchant and hatter in Philadelphia. Mentions 50 pounds due to him by Mr. Stevenson. Executors were Allen Rose, Thomas Kenton, Jr., and John Kinton. Witnesses were William Proctor and William Todd. Will was proved March 16, 1779. (Source: Bedfo

38. Todd, William Sr. (message posted by Joan Christopher)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 5 May 2002

William Todd Sr. died on 11 January 1873, aged 84 years 16 days. (Source: Deaths as listed in the ministers' and session orders of the Presbyterian Church, Bedford, Bedford County, Pa.)

39. Todd, William (message posted by Joan Christopher)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 5 May 2002

William Todd died in May 1879 (no day listed), aged 30 years. (Source: Deaths as listed in the ministers' and session orders of the Presbyterian Church, Bedford, Bedford County, Pa.)

40. Todd, M. Elizabeth (message posted by Joan Christopher)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 5 May 2002

Mrs. M. Elizabeth Todd died on 31 July 1869, aged 75 years 8 months 18 days. (Source: Deaths as listed in the ministers' and session orders of the Presbyterian Church, Bedford, Bedford County, Pa.)

41. Todd, John (message posted by Joan Christopher)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 5 May 2002

John Todd died on 17 June 1896. (Source: Deaths as listed in the ministers' and session orders of the Presbyterian Church, Bedford, Bedford County, Pa.)

42. Snively, John Andrew Todd (message posted by Joan Christopher)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 3 Apr 2002

John Andrew Todd Snively, son of Andrew and Julianna Snively, was born on 10 December 1836 and was baptized on 12 February 1837. (Source: Birth and baptismal records of the Old Log Church, Schellsburg, Bedford County, Pa.)

43. Martin, James, Esq. (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 0 kb; Posted 9 Jul 2001

Letters of Administration were issued to Abraham Martin, Esq., and James Martin on 22 May 1809 for the estate of James Martin, Esq., late of Bedford Boro. Sureties were Jacob Bonnett and John Todd, Esq. (Source: Court Docket, Bedford Co. Courthouse, Bedford, Pa.)

44. Sill, George (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 2 kb; Posted 26 Jun 2001

The Sill Family. George Sill, the progenitor of the Sill family in Bedford county, was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, in 1733. He came to America in 1760, and on his arrival was sold for non-payment of passage money to one John Woods, of Bedford, for whom he served six years. In 1766 he became the owner of three hundred acres of land in the locality known as *Dutch Corner.* He immediately began to make improvements upon the tract. Desiring to dispose of a portion of his purchase, he wrote to

45. Todd, John (message posted by Carol Eddleman)

Size: 3 kb; Posted 25 Jun 2001

The Todd Family--John Todd. The name of Todd is one intimately associated with the history of Bedford township; the date of their settlement was undoubtedly in those perilous times just preceding the revolutionary war, when stern material was required for the protection and maintenance of life. The progenitor of this branch of the family was William Todd. He was born in Scotland, and came to this country some time about the middle of the past century; with him came five others by the same name,

Posted By: Carol Eddleman

Date: June 26 2001

The Todd Family--John Todd.

The name of Todd is one intimately associated with the history of Bedford township; the date of their settlement was undoubtedly in those perilous times just preceding the revolutionary war, when stern material was required for the protection and maintenance of life. The progenitor of this branch of the family was William Todd. He was born in Scotland, and came to this country some time about the middle of the past century; with him came five others by the same name, who became founders of families in various sections of the United States. From one of Todd's just alluded to, Mrs. Abraham (Todd) Lincoln was descended. William Todd first located at or near Philaelphia, and from thence removed to Montgomery county; from Montgomery county they removed to Bedford county and located a tract of land in the vicinity of Wolfsburg. On a part of this tract located by his grandfather, John was born and now resides; and here, too, his worthy ancestor passed his life; he died when his son William was about seven years of age, 1796. William, Jr., came into possession of one of the two farms he owned at the time of his death, and lived and died on the farm on which he was born. For many years he kept a *tavern* on the old place, and was extensively known not only as a good host but an upright and honorable man. The children of William Todd, Sr., and his wife Hannah (Davis) were Elizabeth, Wilhelmina, Hannah, Ann, William and Andrew. William, Jr., married Elizabeth Sill, and to them were born three children: Ann (now Mrs. Thomas Hughes), John and William; the latter died in 1825, at the age of twenty-three. John, the immediate subject of this biography, was born May 17, 1817; he, like his father, has spent his life thus far upon the farm located by his grandfather; his boyhood days were given to the improvement of the paternal estate and the acquisition of such an education as the schools of that day afforded. After the death of his father he became the proprietor of the old farm, and the well-cultivated fields and commodious buildings are evidence of the fact that he has been a faithful steward. He has been twice married; his present wife, nee Miss Margaret C. Horn, to whom he was married in 1857, was a daughter of Henry Horn; his father was a soldier in the war of the revolution, and an early settler of Bedford county. He has been the father of five children, only one of whom, Franklin, is now living. Mr. Todd is a member of the Presbyterian church, while his wife belongs to the Methodist denomination.

(Source: The History of Bedford, Somerset and Fulton Counties, Pennsylvania, 1884, Waterman, Watkins, & Co., p. 266a.)

from: http://www.pa-roots.com/~bedford/

From a listing of all taxable inhabitants living in Bedford County in 1776:

John Todd, Bedford Twp.

William Todd, Bedford Twp.

These are from the 1779 Tax List for Bedford County: from Bedford Twp.,

John Todd: No. of acres=__; No. of horses=2; No. of cattle=2; No. of sheep=__

William Todd, Sen'r: No. acres=__; No. horses=2; No. cattle=7; No. sheep=11

William Todd: No. acres=200; No. horses=4; No. cattle=1; No. sheep=__

Samuel Todd: No. acres=__; No. horses=4; No. cattle=6; No. sheep=__

1784 Census shows for Bedford Twp.

John Todd: No. acres=__; No. dwellings=1; No. whites=7; No. blacks=__

William Todd: No. acres=200; No. dwellings=1; No. whites=6; No. blacks=__

still looking....

From Mother Bedford and the American Revolution, by Larry Smith:

p. 154: Names of the Patriots as residents of the region before and during

the Revolutionary War are included in the following lists: Bedford County

in 1775: John Todd, William Todd.

p. 165: Captain Solomon Adams Company 1778, 4th Co., 3rd Battalion, Bedford

Co. Militia: William Todd, Pvt. and Samuel Todd, Lieut.

p. 175: Undesignated Militia, Bedford Co., Rev. War: John Todd

p. 458: Depreciation Pay List, Rev. War: John Todd, private; Samuel Todd,

lieutenant; William Todd, private

p. 465: Soldiers of the Revolution who Received Pay for Services: John Todd,

private; William Todd, private; Samuel Todd, lieutenant

p. 541: Note of the Supreme Executive Council 25 Oct 1779, Bedford Co.; the

following gere elected: assessors...John Todd

p.. 546: Note of the Supreme Executve Council 17 Nov 1780, Bedford Co.; the

following were elected: assessors...John Todd.

From History of Bedford, Somerset and Fulton Counties, Pa., Waterman,

Watkins & Co., 1884...

p. 91: May 16, 1778 William Todd mentioned as an elected magistrate in

Bedford Twp.

p. 106: Nov. 1794 William Todd mentioned as being fined as being active in

the Whiskey Rebellion.

p. 221: Justices of the Peace: William Todd 1778; Andrew Todd, 1781

p. 248: Samuel Todd, resident lot-owner, Bedford Boro, during the

Revolutionary War

p. 253 Taypayers of Bedford Twp. in 1796 only includes "Widow Todd."

p. 266: "Among the first settlers of the township was William Todd. The

time of his emigration is not known; an approximate date would be about

1776, although he may have settled before that time. According to family

tradition, he was frequently obliged to avail himself of the protection of

the fort to escape annihilation by the Indians, who were very troublesome at

the time. For a further notice of this family see biographical sketch on

another page. (That is the one I forwarded to you)

Carol C. Eddleman

Bedford Co. PaGenWeb

www.pa-roots.com/~bedford/

2.d Indiana County

Hi Richard - yes, the Belfast info came from the Indiana Cty histories. My cousin is an attorney in Indiana, so I could ask her to look up the deed records. The county history mentions Samuel Todd d. 1812, had tracts of land warranted to him in 1785-86, so there should be records in the court house. Do you have a will for Samuel? As far as Patrick Sheridan - I haven't traced him because he isn't my direct line. I visited the Franklin County Historical Society in the late 1990's & that is where I found the info on James' father and Mary Spence Todd marrying Patrick Sheridan. It said Patrick Sheridan came from Belfast to Conocheague Valley, then to Westmoreland Cty. he married Mrs James Todd who lived at or near Jones' Mill - near Chambersburg. There apparently is a Todd family Bible somewhere because there is a reference that states " James Todd Sr. died shortly after his son's birth and is buried 'near Chambersburg' according to the Todd family Bible".

James Todd was born in Belfast in 1788 & came to the US with his parents in 1789. His father died shortly after settling in Franklin Cty and his mother then married Patrick Sheridan between 1790-1791. Caldwell's History of Indiana Cty tells of the Sheridans crossing the mountains with a bed-tick thrown over a horse - a child in either end, head protruding thru an opening for air. One of these was doubtless the little Todd boy (James) and the other the first born son of the Sheridans (William). There is no Samuel Todd listed. The Sheridans settled on a farm in Westmoreland Cty, where James lived until 1815, when he came to Indiana Cty to farm and later run a mercantile. I would like to see the land grant records from that era to see if James lived with Samuel Todd - or maybe the census records.

I just reread James Todd's will & he gives a share of his estate to "his son, Samuel Todd & his daughter in law Margaret (Barr). At that point, Samuel was deceased, but his widow was living. James also mentions the children of Samuel and Margaret - Lizzy, Belinda, Sarah, and Lavinia. What a mess!

2.d.2. Abstract of Will of Samuel Todd d 1812

In the name of God, Amen, I Samuel Todd of the Township of Centre in the county of Indiana and State of Pennsylvania, farmer…I bequeath unto my beloved wife Ann the sum of 20 opounds.. now in the hands of Charels Campbell, Esq in trst for the said Ann, also her bed and bed clothes, her wearing apparel and wheel and all the wool and flax now in the house..and chest during her lifetime and at her death to be given to Susanah Cummins, daughter to John Cummins also..to Ann ten pounds yearly during her natural life ..to the said Susanah forty dollars as soon as she marryes or arrives at full age over and above her equal dividend of the reaminder of my estate, to be .. of my household goods, debts and movable effects so far as they shall go..and if the said Ann shall ..live, I imprower my executors to lease or rent the land and to pay her out of the profists therefrom. Item, I give the remainder of my estate..unto my grandchildren born or that my be borne of my beloved daughters Margaret Cummins and Elinor Cummins to be equally divided amongst and paid to them as soon as they shall severally marry or arrive at full age, and when my land is sold, each respective share to be put out to intereet until the time of payment and that theland is not sold uduring the life of the said Ann without the consent, nor any legacies paid until the land is sold .. appoint William Cummins and John Cummins my executors..set my hand and seal the fourth day of May 1812. Proved 22d and 2rth day of July 1812.

2.e. Correcting the Errors in the Todd Family History ascribed to Emily Todd Helm

Mrs. Emily Todd Helm spent several decades compiling the history of her Todd ancestors who settled in colonial Philadelphia and Chester Counties, Pennsylvania. Her manuscript identified the ancestors and descendants of Robert Todd (1697-1775) of Philadelphia Co and his half-brother Andrew Todd (ca 1710-1791) of Chester Co & Bedford Co, PA and Louisa Co., VA.

The following discussion seeks to correct two of the errors in Mrs Helm's manuscript or in the version based on her manuscript published by George O. Seilhamer in 1905. It focuses on Samuel Todd, son of Robert Todd (1697-1775) and two daughters and a son of Andrew Todd (d 1791).

Samuel Todd

Mrs. Helm mixed up the marriages of two of Andrew Todd's daughters. She said that Anne Todd married Samuel Todd and Mary Todd married John McCulloh, but the opposite was true. Mary Todd married Samuel Todd and Anne Todd married John McCulloh. Mr Seilhamer compounded the error by guessing that the Samuel Todd (wife Ann) who died in 1812 in Indiana County, PA was the Samuel who married Andrew Todd's daughter.

John Todd

Mrs. Helm's original manuscript claimed that John Todd, son of Andrew Todd d 1791 had 6 children in Kentucky who were raised by Andrew Todd. However, she added some handwritten notes, that indicated the children were not those of John Todd, but rather were children of a daughter of Andrew Todd and Samuel Todd who died coming to Kentucky.

Mr. Seilhamer seems to have ignored or not to have been aware of some handwritten notes on Mrs. Helm's manuscript

Folowing are:

1. Two page essay on Todd Family origins written in 1833 by John McFarland, of Montgomery Co., PA, grandson of Robert Todd (1697-1775).
2. Data on Ann Todd and Mary Todd, daughters of Andrew Todd d 1791.
3. Data on Samuel Todd from published Helm manuscript
4. Comparison of published manuscript and handwrittten manuscript re: John Todd, son of Andrew and Samuel Todd, son of Robert.

1. Written by John McFarland, son of Arthur McFarland and Elizabeth Todd, Montgomery County, PA, May 27, 1833 and given to Emily Todd Helm in 1880.

Robert Todd and Isabella his wife together with five children came from Ireland to America about the year 1737 and had three children born afterwards. Two of the sons, viz. John and David were by a former wife; the second wife to wit Isabella had three sons and four daughters, Mary, Elizabeth, Robert, Sarah, William, Rebecca and Andrew. John the older son became a presbyterian preacher and settled in Virginia where he raised his family and left several daughters and one son called John who also became a preacher. David the second son settled in Montgomery County, Pensylvania in Providence township, raised four sons and two daughters to wit John, Robert, Levi, Owen, Elizabeth and Hannah. Mary the oldest daughter married James Parker and had children four sons and four daughters raised in the same place.

Elizabeth the second daughter married William Parker the brothers of James who died leaving her a widow with one son and one daughter the son left no son, the daughter married Gen Andrew Porter and raised children, the widow Parker married Arthur McFarland and raised four children to wit Margaret, Mary John and James.

Robert Todd the younger raised his family in Chester County to wit three sons and three daughters to wit Isabella, John, Margaret, Robert, David and Mary. The whole family of David Todd the older and the family of James Parker settled in Kentucky also Robert the son of Robert the younger. William the third son of Robert Todd, senr settled in Westmoreland Pennsylvania and Andrew the youngest son of R. Todd snr remained in Montgomery County Pa. Also the children of Elizabeth and Arthur McFarland. Sarah Todd the third daughter of Robert married John Findlay Rebecca the fourth daughter married Robert Major, the children of both of the foregoing migrated westward.

Andrew Todd half brother of Robert Todd mentioned in the foregoing page came to America from Ireland at the same time 1737 a young man. They both landed at new york, Robert and his family came immediately to Philadelphia County (now Montgomery County) Pennsylvania, Andrew remained in york state where he married the widow McDowel and had several children, afterward removed to Chester county Pennsylvania where he remained until his children scattered then went to Bedford PA with his son William and his other children went to Kentucky.

The foregoing is written by the undersigned as what he believes to be the traditional geneally of the family as received in part from his mother and in part from his own knowledge.

The increase and migrations since their settlement in Kentucky he is not particularly informed of.

Norriston Townships, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania May 27, 1833

John McFarland, the son of Arthur and Elizabeth, mentioned before

To the Reverend Andrew Todd of Kentucky and grandson of Andrew above mentioned and also the grandson John Todd first mentioned on the opposite page.

2. Data on Anne Todd and Mary Todd

Here's the John McCulloh and Ann Todd reference:

John McCulloh and Ann Todd were married on April 19, 1771.

Ann (Todd) McCulloh died on February 19, 1789 at age 42,

14 days after the birth of her last son, James.

"Pension record of Major John McCulloh,"

John McCulloh Pension number W.4489,

U.S. Revolutionary War Service, War Department

Collection of Revolutionary War Records

on microfilm in record group M-804, roll 1674, exposure 0732 and 0733,

National Archives and Records Service, Chicago, IL.

 

 

 

 

3. Samuel Todd

The Todd Family, Kitochtinny Magazine, p 78

11. SAMUEL TODD,* (died in 1812), son of Robert and Isabella (Hamilton) Todd, removed to Indiana Co., PA., and settled in White Twp. He married his cousin, Anne Todd, daughter of Andrew and Elizabeth (McDowell) Todd and had issue:

1. SAMUEL, died in 1846; he had a son James.
2. (Daughter), married John Cummins, and had Susanna, Margaret, Eleanor, William and John.

*The identity of Samuel Todd, as above given, must be regarded as only tentative.

2. References to John Todd, son of Andrew d 1791 and Mary (Polly) Todd, daughter of Andrew d 1791 and Essay on John's identity

a. Will of Andrew Todd d 1791 Louisa Co, VA

Son John Todd 6 shillings

Daughter Mary Todd 6 shillings

Son William Todd – gun, shirt, and other personal estate which I have left at his house

Son-in-law John Mccullough, loan office certificates, bed and furniture left at his house and the balance of interest due on his bond of 80 pounds bearing date 14 March 1785

Son Andrew Todd – above mentioned bond of 80 pounds, and all my personal estate at his house

All the rest of estate to be divided equally between sons Andrew and Robert.

Executors: son Andrew and nephew Rev John Todd

15 Sept 1791

b. Letter from Andrew Todd to John McCulloh, Paris Nov 28, 1799

I have also had the pleasure of seeing Brother John since my last whome I had not seen for 23 years his Wife was with him. They are both well, Brother in particular - he was very healthy and looked well, he has 12 living children one of whom is married…

c. 12 AUG 1788 letter from Levi Todd to John McCulloh

mentions John McCulloh's sister-in-law Polly (widowed)

d. 21 DEC 1792 letter from Andrew Todd to John McCulloh

mentions Mr. Hendrick

brother John Todd

brother Robert

cousin William who has wronged us

sister Polly

e. 13 APR 1795 letter from Andrew Todd Fayette office Kentucky to John McCulloh - arrived 3 or 4 days ago

sister Polly family brought up under cousin Levi

f. The "Papers of Emily Todd Helm" - GOING BACK TO THE ORIGINAL SOURCE

(from 1988 KY ANCESTORS V23-3, p 174,175)

The following commentary was contributed by Terry L. Todd, …who with Helen Todd Einhaus, is "working on a future article about the history of this John Todd which will include his "correct children."

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During the latter part of her life, Emily Todd Helm, the half-sister of Mary Todd Lincoln, collected much genealogical data about the Todd family. The following introduction to the "Emily Todd Helm Papers" was taken from the microfilm copy of Mrs. Helm's handwritten notes. The microfilm is available and the original appears are reposited in the library of the Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort.

The following section for The Kittochtinny Magazine article (vol. 1, No 1. Jan 1905, p 80) was transcribed verbatim by Miss Visscher. (The Presbyterian Historical Society, Philadelphia, and the LDS Library Salt Lake City, have copies of the four issues of the Kittochtinny Magazine published by G.O. Seilhamer in 1905.)

(THE INACCURACY)

16. JOHN TODD, son of Andrew and Elizabeth (McDowell) Todd, is supposed to have gone to Kentucky. It is believed that he had issue:

1. ELIZABETH, MARRIED Rev. James Coe (lii)
2. ANNA, married Samuel Turner; they had a daughter married ____ Triplett
3. MARY, married William Hodge (liii)
4. WILLIAM, married and had two children living at Lexington, KY in 1811. These children, it is believed, went south.
5. DAVID
6. ANDREW

In the following two pages from Mrs. Helms original notes, as taken from the microfilm, sentence structure, punctuation and items crossed out are as she wrote them.

1. Betsy Todd married Rev. Wm Coe of Blue Ball Ohio. She had a daughter Mary Coe married to Culbertson now living at Blue Ball Ohio__She has 8 children:
2. Anna Todd married Samuel Turner
3. Polly Todd married Wm Hodge. Her granddaughter was Mrs. W. W. Richeson of Mayville died 1881

The Kittochtinny writer, and subsequently Miss Visscher, disregarded Mrs. Helm's strike-out of her comment "supposed to be by this writer Johns daughters" and listed the six children as probable offspring of John Todd. What they neglected to regard were Mrs. Helm's realization and statement that the three sisters and their brothers were "children of a sister of Dr. Andrew Todd and Samuel Todd his cousin." Thus, by crossing out her earlier supposition, Mrs. Helm was "correcting" her notes as pen and paper would allow.

Going back to Mrs. Helm's original papers put these children in their proper place and opened up this John Todd's family anew. Researchers should realize, however, that Mrs. Helm's notes can only be used as a guide to what may be correct. Further primary evidence must be sought before a definitive statement can be made regarding anything she has written.